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  命令汇总
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  <h1 id="终端命令汇总-必要参数-可选参数"><a href="#终端命令汇总-必要参数-可选参数" class="headerlink" title="终端命令汇总 (必要参数)  [可选参数]"></a>终端命令汇总 (必要参数)  [可选参数]</h1><h2 id="基本命令"><a href="#基本命令" class="headerlink" title="基本命令"></a>基本命令</h2><h3 id="ls—list"><a href="#ls—list" class="headerlink" title="ls—list"></a>ls—list</h3><p>​	用法 ls [参数] [路径]</p>
<p>​	用于查看目录内容，当 参数 和 路径 都为 空 时，返回当前目录下非隐藏文件</p>
<p>​	-a	全部文件</p>
<p>​	-A	全部非 . ; .. 文件</p>
<p>​	 -l	 详细信息</p>
<p>​	-h	单位化大小(只能配合-l一起)</p>
<p>​	{在安装过zsh的插件中，直接键入”l”，就等同于命令”ls -alh”即显示全部文件的详细信息}</p>
<h3 id="pwd—print-work-directory"><a href="#pwd—print-work-directory" class="headerlink" title="pwd—print work directory"></a>pwd—print work directory</h3><p>​	用法</p>
<p>​	如其名，返回当前工作目录</p>
<h3 id="cd—change-directory"><a href="#cd—change-directory" class="headerlink" title="cd—change directory"></a>cd—change directory</h3><p>​	用法 cd [目录]</p>
<p>​	改变工作目录，目录为空时直接进入 ~&#x2F; 目录</p>
<p>​	cd - 命令可以切换至上一个工作目录</p>
<p>​	命令行中，”~” 代表 当前用户的home</p>
<h3 id="touch—touch"><a href="#touch—touch" class="headerlink" title="touch—touch"></a>touch—touch</h3><p>​	用法touch (文件)</p>
<p>​	-a 只更改访问时间</p>
<figure class="highlight txt"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> -c, --no-create	不创建任何文件</span><br><span class="line"> -d, --date=字符串	使用指定字符串表示时间而非当前时间</span><br><span class="line"> -h, --no-dereference		会影响符号链接本身，而非符号链接所指示的目的地(当系统支持更改符号链接的所有者时，此选项才有用)</span><br><span class="line">-m			只更改修改时间</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="mkdir—make-directory"><a href="#mkdir—make-directory" class="headerlink" title="mkdir—make directory"></a>mkdir—make directory</h3><p>​	用法 mkdir  [参数] (新目录名称)</p>
<p>​	创建一个新目录</p>
<p>​	常用参数：-p 递归创建目录（一次性创建一个嵌套的目录）</p>
<h3 id="rm—remove"><a href="#rm—remove" class="headerlink" title="rm—remove"></a>rm—remove</h3><p>​	rm [选项] [文件]</p>
<figure class="highlight txt"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">-f, --force           强制删除，没有确认选项</span><br><span class="line">   --one-file-system		递归删除一个层级时，跳过所有不符合命令行参数的文件系统上的文件</span><br><span class="line">   --no-preserve-root  do not treat &#x27;/&#x27; specially</span><br><span class="line">   --preserve-root   do not remove &#x27;/&#x27; (default)</span><br><span class="line"> 	-r, -R, --recursive   </span><br><span class="line"> 	-d, --dir             remove empty directories</span><br><span class="line"> 	-v, --verbose         解释即将进行的操作</span><br><span class="line">   --help		显示此帮助信息并退出</span><br><span class="line">   --version		显示版本信息并退出</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="tree—目录树命令"><a href="#tree—目录树命令" class="headerlink" title="tree—目录树命令"></a>tree—目录树命令</h3><p>​	用法 tree [参数] [目录]</p>
<p>​	显示该目录下的所有文件组成的树</p>
<p>​	常用参数：</p>
<p>​		-d	directory只显示目录</p>
<h3 id="cp—copy"><a href="#cp—copy" class="headerlink" title="cp—copy"></a>cp—copy</h3><p>​	复制命令</p>
<p>​	用法：cp [选项] [源文件] [目标文件]</p>
<p>​	常用参数：</p>
<p>​		-f	force强制不提示</p>
<p>​		-i	覆盖前提示</p>
<p>​		-r	递归复制，可用于文件夹</p>
<h3 id="mv—move"><a href="#mv—move" class="headerlink" title="mv—move"></a>mv—move</h3><p>​	用法：mv [选项] [源文件] [目标文件]</p>
<p>​	move移动文件指令，还可以用于重命名文件</p>
<p>​	常用参数：</p>
<p>​		-i	覆盖提示</p>
<p>​		-r	递归移动，可以用来移动</p>
<h3 id="clear—clear"><a href="#clear—clear" class="headerlink" title="clear—clear"></a>clear—clear</h3><p>​	清屏</p>
<h3 id="CTRL-可以放大字体显示"><a href="#CTRL-可以放大字体显示" class="headerlink" title="CTRL +可以放大字体显示"></a>CTRL +可以放大字体显示</h3><h3 id="CTRL-可以缩小字体显示"><a href="#CTRL-可以缩小字体显示" class="headerlink" title="CTRL -可以缩小字体显示"></a>CTRL -可以缩小字体显示</h3><h3 id="Tab可以用于补全已安装命令"><a href="#Tab可以用于补全已安装命令" class="headerlink" title="Tab可以用于补全已安装命令"></a>Tab可以用于补全已安装命令</h3><h3 id="man；help"><a href="#man；help" class="headerlink" title="man；help"></a>man；help</h3><p>​	用法：man “command”</p>
<p>​				“command” –help</p>
<p>​	帮助信息，man命令支持翻页， enter 为向下翻页，b (back) 为向上翻页，q (quit)为退出</p>
<h3 id="cat"><a href="#cat" class="headerlink" title="cat"></a>cat</h3><p>​	用法：cat [参数] (文件)</p>
<p>​	在终端中输出文件的内容</p>
<p>​	常用参数：</p>
<p>​		-b 对非空行进行编号（等同于nl命令）</p>
<p>​		-n 对输出行进行编号</p>
<h3 id="more"><a href="#more" class="headerlink" title="more"></a>more</h3><p>​	用法：more (文件)</p>
<p>​	more用于分屏查看文件内容，每次显示一页，用于查看内容较多的文件</p>
<p>​	操作方式</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">按键</th>
<th>功能效果</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">Space</td>
<td>显示下一页内容</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">Enter</td>
<td>显示下一行内容</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">b</td>
<td>回滚一页</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">f</td>
<td>前滚一页</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">q</td>
<td>退出并返回命令行</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">&#x2F;word</td>
<td>搜索字符串”word”</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 id="grep"><a href="#grep" class="headerlink" title="grep"></a>grep</h3><p>​	用法：grep [参数] [字符串] [文件]</p>
<p>​	在指定文件当中搜索固定字符串，并返回其所在位置的高亮显示</p>
<p>​	常用参数：</p>
<p>​		-n	显示搜索结果行号</p>
<p>​		-v	反选，显示所有不匹配项</p>
<p>​		-i	忽略大小写</p>
<p>​	常用模式查找（模式文本等同于字符串）：</p>
<p>​		^a	行首，搜索以 “a” 开头的行</p>
<p>​		b$	行尾，搜索以 “b” 结尾的行</p>
<p>​		a和b，都可以是字符串</p>
<h3 id="echo—回声"><a href="#echo—回声" class="headerlink" title="echo—回声"></a>echo—回声</h3><p>​	用法：echo [字符串]</p>
<p>​	显示（输出）所打出的字符串</p>
<h3 id="重定向"><a href="#重定向" class="headerlink" title="重定向"></a>重定向</h3><h4 id="—覆盖输出"><a href="#—覆盖输出" class="headerlink" title="&gt;—覆盖输出"></a>&gt;—覆盖输出</h4><p>​		(上一个命令的输出结果)  &gt; (文件)</p>
<h4 id="—追加输出"><a href="#—追加输出" class="headerlink" title="&gt;&gt;—追加输出"></a>&gt;&gt;—追加输出</h4><p>​		(上一个命令的输出结果) &gt;&gt; (文件)</p>
<p>​	将命令的执行结果重新定向到另一个文件当中去</p>
<h3 id="—管道（这不是-l-L-）"><a href="#—管道（这不是-l-L-）" class="headerlink" title="|—管道（这不是 l (L)）"></a>|—管道（这不是 l (L)）</h3><p>​	将一个命令的输出，通过管道符号，作为一个命令的输入</p>
<p>​	(输入上一个命令的输出结果) | (下一个命令)</p>
<p>​	与 more 和 grep 更配哦</p>
 
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/photoswipe.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/default-skin/default-skin.min.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/photoswipe.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/photoswipe-ui-default.min.js"></script>

<script>
    function viewer_init() {
        let pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0];
        let $imgArr = document.querySelectorAll(('.article-entry img:not(.reward-img)'))

        $imgArr.forEach(($em, i) => {
            $em.onclick = () => {
                // slider展开状态
                // todo: 这样不好，后面改成状态
                if (document.querySelector('.left-col.show')) return
                let items = []
                $imgArr.forEach(($em2, i2) => {
                    let img = $em2.getAttribute('data-idx', i2)
                    let src = $em2.getAttribute('data-target') || $em2.getAttribute('src')
                    let title = $em2.getAttribute('alt')
                    // 获得原图尺寸
                    const image = new Image()
                    image.src = src
                    items.push({
                        src: src,
                        w: image.width || $em2.width,
                        h: image.height || $em2.height,
                        title: title
                    })
                })
                var gallery = new PhotoSwipe(pswpElement, PhotoSwipeUI_Default, items, {
                    index: parseInt(i)
                });
                gallery.init()
            }
        })
    }
    viewer_init()
</script> 
<!-- MathJax -->

<!-- Katex -->

<!-- busuanzi  -->
 
<script src="/js/busuanzi-2.3.pure.min.js"></script>
 
<!-- ClickLove -->

<!-- ClickBoom1 -->

<!-- ClickBoom2 -->

<!-- CodeCopy -->
 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/clipboard.css">
 <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/clipboard@2/dist/clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script>
  function wait(callback, seconds) {
    var timelag = null;
    timelag = window.setTimeout(callback, seconds);
  }
  !function (e, t, a) {
    var initCopyCode = function(){
      var copyHtml = '';
      copyHtml += '<button class="btn-copy" data-clipboard-snippet="">';
      copyHtml += '<i class="ri-file-copy-2-line"></i><span>COPY</span>';
      copyHtml += '</button>';
      $(".highlight .code pre").before(copyHtml);
      $(".article pre code").before(copyHtml);
      var clipboard = new ClipboardJS('.btn-copy', {
        target: function(trigger) {
          return trigger.nextElementSibling;
        }
      });
      clipboard.on('success', function(e) {
        let $btn = $(e.trigger);
        $btn.addClass('copied');
        let $icon = $($btn.find('i'));
        $icon.removeClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
        $icon.addClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
        let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
        $span[0].innerText = 'COPIED';
        
        wait(function () { // 等待两秒钟后恢复
          $icon.removeClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
          $icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
          $span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
        }, 2000);
      });
      clipboard.on('error', function(e) {
        e.clearSelection();
        let $btn = $(e.trigger);
        $btn.addClass('copy-failed');
        let $icon = $($btn.find('i'));
        $icon.removeClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
        $icon.addClass('ri-time-line');
        let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
        $span[0].innerText = 'COPY FAILED';
        
        wait(function () { // 等待两秒钟后恢复
          $icon.removeClass('ri-time-line');
          $icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
          $span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
        }, 2000);
      });
    }
    initCopyCode();
  }(window, document);
</script>
 
<!-- CanvasBackground -->
 
<script src="/js/dz.js"></script>
 
<script>
  if (window.mermaid) {
    mermaid.initialize({ theme: "forest" });
  }
</script>


    
    <div id="music">
    
    
    
    <iframe frameborder="no" border="1" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" width="200" height="52"
        src="//music.163.com/outchain/player?type=2&id=1329665666&auto=0&height=32"></iframe>
</div>

<style>
    #music {
        position: fixed;
        right: 15px;
        bottom: 0;
        z-index: 998;
    }
</style>
    
    

  </div>
</body>

</html>